Transformation Desulfurization Tower‌ & ‌Precision Desulfurization Tower

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Product Description

Transformation Desulfurization Tower‌ & ‌Precision Desulfurization Tower

Product Overview

A desulfurization tower is a tower-type equipment used for desulfurization treatment of industrial waste gases. In the field of industrial production, gas purification is of great significance. As key equipment, precision desulfurization towers and shift desulfurization towers play irreplaceable roles in different scenarios. They share many similarities but also have obvious differences in multiple aspects.

Core Mission: Desulfurization

The primary function of both is to remove sulfides from gases, such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and carbonyl sulfide (COS). In industries like chemical engineering, energy, and metallurgy, sulfides in raw material gases or process gases, if not removed, can severely corrode downstream equipment and significantly affect catalyst activity, leading to reduced production efficiency, lower product quality, and even safety hazards. Through desulfurization, the sulfur content in gases can be effectively reduced to meet production process requirements and environmental protection standards.

Application Fields

Both are widely used in industries such as chemical engineering, metallurgy, and energy.

In coal chemical engineering, whether it is the coal gas produced after coal gasification or the synthesis gas in ammonia and methanol production, they all require desulfurization treatment;
In the natural gas purification field, they are also used to remove sulfides from natural gas to meet pipeline transportation standards or as chemical raw materials;
In the steel industry, they are indispensable for the treatment of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, etc.

Structural Composition

Both have basic structures such as a tower body, internal components, inlet/outlet pipelines, and a control system.

The tower body is the main body of the equipment, which needs to withstand certain pressure and temperature, so the materials are mostly steel with good strength and corrosion resistance, such as carbon steel lined with stainless steel or corrosion-resistant alloys.
The internal components include packing or trays, distributors, demisting devices, etc., which play a key role in the gas-liquid or gas-solid mass transfer process to ensure full contact between the gas and the desulfurizer and improve the desulfurization efficiency.
The inlet/outlet pipelines are responsible for the input and output of gases, and the control system real-time monitors and regulates parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate inside the tower to ensure stable equipment operation.

Considerable Difference in Desulfurization Precision

The precision desulfurization tower focuses on deep desulfurization and can reduce the sulfur content in gases to an extremely low level, usually as low as ≤0.1ppm. Even in scenarios with extremely high requirements for gas purity, such as electronic-grade hydrogen production, it can meet almost stringent sulfur content standards.
The shift desulfurization tower has a relatively moderate desulfurization precision, generally controlling the sulfur content at ≤1ppm, mainly meeting the requirements for process gas purification in conventional industrial production, such as the sulfur content requirements of raw material gases in ammonia synthesis and methanol synthesis processes.

Reaction Types

The precision desulfurization tower mainly uses reaction types such as physical absorption (e.g., using alkanolamine solutions to absorb hydrogen sulfide), chemical absorption (e.g., using iron-based or zinc-based desulfurizers to chemically react with sulfides), or adsorption (e.g., activated carbon, molecular sieves to adsorb sulfides), and these reactions usually proceed under relatively mild conditions.
In the shift desulfurization tower, in addition to the desulfurization reaction, the key CO shift reaction is a catalytic reaction that requires specific catalysts, such as iron-chromium-based or cobalt-molybdenum-based catalysts, and the reaction needs to be carried out under medium-to-high temperature conditions, generally in the temperature range of 200-500°C.

Different Considerations in Internal Component Design

Precision Desulfurization Tower: The design of internal components focuses on strengthening mass transfer efficiency. For example, packing with a high specific surface area (≥500m²/m³) is selected to increase the contact area between the gas and the desulfurizer; the spray system is designed to be more intensive, with a spray density ≥8m³/(m²·h), so that the desulfurizer can contact the gas more uniformly and fully, thereby achieving efficient desulfurization.
Shift Desulfurization Tower: The internal components need to take into account the dual needs of the shift reaction and desulfurization. Usually, multiple layers of catalyst beds are set up, and the catalysts are loaded in sections to optimize the reaction effect according to the reaction process and temperature changes; at the same time, a desulfurizer layer is equipped to ensure the removal of sulfides. The design of the gas distributor must not only ensure uniform gas entry into the catalyst bed but also avoid excessive impact of the gas flow on the catalyst to prevent catalyst fragmentation and affect the reaction effect and equipment operation stability.

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